While Black Americans make up 13 percent of the U.S. population, they own only 2.6 percent of the country’s wealth. The average White household has a net worth of $800,000 more than the average Black household. These inequities stem directly from slavery and its aftermath. Former slaves were not given free land while many White Americans were. During Reconstruction, the prosperity of Blacks suffered from violence, including massacres and the bombing of the Black Wall Street of Tulsa. By the 1900s, racism continued in housing policies, including redlining. When it started, Social Security excluded agricultural and domestic workers, who were more likely to be Black. The GI Bill offered college tuition, home loans, and unemployment benefits to White veterans, but not to Black veterans. These inequitable public policies created the wealth gap between White and Black people. These policies are reparations -- ways to recognize and make amends for these injustices.